Function of the ignition system. The spark for the ignition cylinder in the intake stroke of the engine ignition. Elements that make the engine run more efficiently complete.
Compression of the engine. The ignition timing and the ignition voltage. Oil mixed with a nice tribute. The ignition system is good. The ignition voltage of the power must be high enough to ignite the spark between the teeth.
Ignition timing is right. The duration of the ignition with the engine speed and load has the durability to withstand the vibration and heat of the engine. The type of ignition system. Now we can divide them into two groups: the ignition system.
Ignition system, which is controlled by the ECU. Ignition system and use the white gold. Semi-voltage ignition system. (Transistor works with white gold). The ignition system of the transistors are. Integrated ignition system (integrated ignition assembly). The ignition system CDI. The ignition system is controlled by ECU. The ignition system is controlled using the ignition ECU. The ignition system without a distributor.
A. Ignition system, which is controlled by ECU 1.1 ignition system consists of batteries, white gold, this is the ignition switch. White gold, condenser coil, ignition distributor and spark plug wire is divided into two circuits.
Circuit low voltage (low-tension circuit) power from the battery voltage 12 V through the ignition switch to the ignition coil the primary coil. To supply white gold plate.
High voltage circuit (high-tension circuit) from the secondary winding of the ignition coil to the distributor cap, rotor and spark plug wires high.
Ignition coil. Acts as a transformer. To a low voltage of 12 V power to move up to 18,000 to 25,000 volts for voltage spark jumps across the skin. The coil contains a primary coil of copper wire wrapped with a layer of about 150-300 in the secondary coil secondary coil wrapped with copper wire size. By wrap around an iron core is about 20,000 with a thin paper separator between the two coils to prevent short circuits. One end of the primary coil is connected to the anode. The other end is connected to the cathode. For the secondary winding is connected at one end to the primary coil on the positive side is connected to high voltage power pole. Oil acts as insulation and cooling.
The force that causes the high voltage power supply. The induction itself. When electric current flows through the coil, fully and promptly cut the circuit. Magnetic field will collapse against the coil of wire, the destination changes the inductance of the crane's steel coil voltage up. Induction of the (mutual induction effect) on the primary coil and secondary coil is wrapped around the armature core. When the primary coil will be a sudden change in the magnetic lines of force magnetic lines of force to settle the secondary winding voltage to the material. Voltage of the induction is more or less depending on
The number of magnetic lines of force. Magnetic lines of force of the magnetic field and the electromotive force of induction is very Number of coils. Number of the secondary coil. Is the induced voltage is high. The speed of the magnetic lines of force. In order to receive the high voltage induced in the joint. Current flowing in the coil primary circuit and the circuit will be immediate.
Ignition coil with an external resistor in series with the primary coil resistance. Be used to wire the larger the number decreases, the resistance decreased by an electric current flow and speed. The external resistance in series with the coil's primary winding to prevent excessive current flowing when the engine speed low until the coil may be damaged.
Distributor acts as a switch to turn off this white gold - the primary circuit of the induction of high voltage power supply. Distributor to the power supply voltage from the coil to the cylinder of the engine ignition timing. Distributor cap, distributor rotor is composed of white gold, this set of condenser vacuum ignition advance mechanism. A centrifugal.
Same (breaker section) serves to break the primary circuit consists of two parts. 同じ(ブレーカのセクション)は、一次回路の2つの部分から構成を壊すのに役立ちます。
The dependent. This part of the grounding. Moving parts. The pivot point of this section is insulated to prevent grounding. This section directly to the primary coil of the ignition coil and the fiber transmission function of the cam of the distributor to do this - open white gold. Spring sheet of white gold, white gold, this will serve to close tightly.
dwell angle.
Is the angle of the cam in the distributor that the white gold. The angle at the time of current flow. 4-cylinder engine in the settings white gold, the distance of standard. The hardware will be in approximately 46-58 degrees.
The relationship between the distance dwell angle of the white gold. When the page is white gold, too (point gap too wide) is the dwell angle is less. When white gold is too small (point gap too small) is the dwell angle is large.
Dwell angle is too small to make white gold, the short time that the electric current flowing through the primary coil has less time on the engine speed increases. The primary circuit is not enough, and the voltage in the secondary circuit decreases the ignition timing is the dwell angle is too narrow, white gold, this distance is when the sparks start to turn white gold. Current flowing through the electric power was cut white gold, has made a sudden voltage in the secondary circuit is formed at the ignition timing is wrong as well.
Condenser mounted on the outer side of the parallel distributor with white gold, white gold, will be charged on the page. To break the cycle of the primary coil and the spark it once at least white gold. When white gold, and the condenser to the discharge circuit.
The condenser used must be chosen to suit the capacity of the engine ignition system. The condenser capacity is too valuable to make white gold, the metal of the positive and negative convexity as well. The capacity to make white gold, the metal of the positive and negative convex holes.
Rotor spins up to high voltage power supply that comes from the ignition coil to the distributor cap and ignition timing of the engine.
Distributor cap. The hole in the center of the carbon rods, distributor cap แlaa around the spark plug hole to force heat from the rotor. Sapanaฟ distance between the rotor and distributor cap, plug the 0.8 mm (0.031 inch). ディストリビューターのキャップ。炭素棒の中央にある穴は、ロータから熱を強制的にスパークプラグの穴の周りに代理店キャップLAA。 Sapana0.8ミリメートルプラグローター、ディストリビューター·キャップの間に距離(0.031インチ)。
Spark plug wire (Ignition Cable) is responsible for delivery of electricity to the spark coil. The spark ignition engine. If the plug is not in perfect condition. It will burn up due to defects or imperfections, such as hard starting, the engine is idling rough and the tremor.
1.2 Semi-transistor ignition system. Semi-voltage ignition system is still used in this white gold. I do not have the power to the ignition coil primary winding. But do not turn off the power supply to the leg base (B) of the transistor. With this principle to make white gold, last for longer than ever. Because the base of the transistor legs so I made very little power. And stop the flow of transistor and the high than white gold. As a result, the ignition system with the lower slope. And longer lifetime.
1.3 Ignition system for all transistors. A transistor ignition system are. This system is not used anymore, this white gold, and condenser. It sets up a voltage signal input to the base of the transistor replaced the front legs, white gold. The signal work on the basis of the electromagnetic field.
Permanent magnet. Plug the router or reboot the rotor. Pickup coil.
Reluctor the rotor or Armature. The cam in the ignition system of this white gold. Via the router to work with the Luxembourg-up coil or stator. Pickup coil (Pickup Coil) or coil pickup. Acts as a voltage. By induction due to the movement of the teeth of the Armature The ignition system of transistors are still used mechanism to control the ignition advance, like the ignition system that uses this white gold, 1.4 Ignition system integrated (integrated ignition assembly) system. The explosive used. The transistor ignition. Ignition coil. Built into the distributor ignition system, a 1.5 CDI.
First mention of the engine before it. The engine operated throttle or throttle valve, which works under the pedal stroke on a keyboard accelerator itself. It controls the amount of air to flow through. At the same time the amount of fuel injected into the air to be mixed with an appropriate amount to the functions of the engine. When finished, it will not mix well (gas mixture) supplied to the cylinder. When the volume of steam in the cylinder is compressed in the compression stroke is ignited by the spark plugs are ready. And stroke are followed.
Diesel engines operate by compression ignition by air. Air is compressed to a smaller volume. The 22:1 compression ratio and temperature. Air up to 538 ° C (1000 ° F) at the end of the compression stroke. Fuel is injected into the cylinder. Pressure greater than 100 kilograms per square centimeter. The warm air in the cylinder is compressed and heated to the ignition of the fuel cycle are the following. This is why diesel engines have a fuel injection pump. To a voltage high enough to inject fuel into the combustion chamber at high pressure. And fuel injection to be broken into droplets mix with air to some extent.
Fuel system in diesel engines.
Fuel is injected into the combustion chamber volume must be tailored to the needs of the engine.
When engine speed increases suddenly. Fuel is injected into the combustion chamber is sufficient demand. Fuel is injected into the combustion chamber pressure is higher. The pressure in the cylinder. (At the end of the compression stroke in the combustion chamber is pressurized to 3,447 kPa (500 psi).
Fuel injection diesel engines have very high voltage to be injected into the combustion chamber at high pressure, which is the source of diesel fuel injection pump.
The structure of the diesel fuel injection system.
The fuel injection system.
Fuel injection pump. Serves a high-pressure fuel supplied to the injector fuel injection. Do not inject oil into the cylinder. Vacuum pump oil. Do not absorb the oil from the oil tank. Fuel filter. Serves to filter out impurities from the fuel. High-pressure pipeline. Oil to flow back.
Fuel injection pump. Have control of the injected fuel into the cylinders via the injectors for each cylinder of the engine. By a stroke of the engine. As to the timing of buying the dish with a spark ignition engine with gasoline. The type of fuel injection pump. The type of fuel injection pumps for diesel engines. The control mechanism. The electronics and controls. Is generally used.
Fuel injection pump. Mechanism controlled by a line or PE (in-line pump). Fuel injection pump. Mechanism controlled by a distributor or VE (distributor pump). Fuel injection pump. Control your own electronics. A common rail (common rail pump).
A. In line fuel injection pump (in-line pump).
Inline Fuel Pump (In-line Pump) is a fuel injection pump which is designed to have the same number of cylinders of the engine to pump fuel to each cylinder. The engine from an engine cylinder, the 12-cylinder diesel engine pumps are found in the home. The pinion shaft is driven by some of the tongue.
Vacuum pump oil (Feed pump). Werner government (Governor) to control the fuel to suit the engine load at that time. By adjusting the volume of the fuel injection device according to engine load, vehicle speed control. Controlling the fuel supply to the engine idling and the most stable. Controlled by the speed of the engine. To the fuel pump nozzle. Injected into the combustion chamber to the sudden acceleration by limiting the amount of fuel. The engines burn cleanly and have a smoke. While the engine is easy. Prevent the engine off while idling around. Of the injected fuel is too small. The mixture of air and fuel in diesel engines in the range of about 10:1 to 20:1 (under full load) Werner government to control this ratio in this range. A ratio greater than 20:1 will cause a lot of exhaust fumes. Automatic timer (Automatic Timer) is a mechanism to accelerate the fuel injection to match the higher engine speed. To meet the needs of the engine, which works with central centrifugal pump driven by the camshaft. Vacuum pump oil (Feed Pump) acting sucking fuel from the tank through the fuel filter is driven by the camshaft. Pump (Pump Body) is a set of mechanisms to control the amount of engine oil pressure, fuel and fuel to be driven by the camshaft to the cylinder and the cylinder.
The distributor fuel injection pump (Distributor Pump) is a set of pressures that pump high-pressure fuel supplied to each cylinder via the high pressure by a single stroke of the engine ignition. The government Werner timer and vacuum pump oil. The characteristics of the pump.
The pump is small and lightweight. Can run at high speed, good acceleration sensitivity. Easy to adjust the amount of fuel injection pump has a single set. Self-lubricating oil. It does not require maintenance. Four vehicles are often used to pick me lift the tractor.
Vacuum pump oil (Feed pump) to suck up oil from the oil tank. Working through the center of the centrifugal pump. There is pressure to keep the oil pressure is too high. Government mechanisms Werner (Governor) is mounted on top of the pump nozzle. To control the fuel to match the speed of the engine. Control of the oil from the engine to idle for up to a constant. Controlled by the speed of the engine. The fuel pump while accelerating the exhaust of black smoke. While the engine is easy. York Times (Timer) timer that controls the timing of fuel injection. Will be installed in the low pressure fuel injection pump.
Three. Pump and common rail fuel injection (common rail pump) controlled by said electronic. The fuel supply system. The common rail diesel engine used in the present. That can generate high torque and horsepower.
In common rail systems are the primary equipment.
High pressure pump. Can create pressure. 1,600-1,800 bar. Depending on the design of the manufacturer. (The old mechanism. Pressure injection at 100-250bar) in the common rail system. The high pressure pump made a high-pressure gas. Compressed gas into the common rail (Common rail) to maintain the pressure in the system, all are equal. I injected the proper rhythm. The calculation of the electronic control unit (Electronic Control Unit; ECU) The ECU will get input from various sensors. The accelerator position sensor pin. Engine speed, water temperature, air temperature. The turbo pressure to calculate the appropriate amount of injection and injection timing is right. Send a signal to the injectors. The fuel injectors are controlled by the energy in gasoline as fuel. The timing and amount of oil into the cylinder of the engine needs. The ECU controls the fuel supply. We can work quickly and accurately. In the common rail system. Fuel injection can be up to five times per cycle, and a K ° (from a spray of fuel to operate a sewing ° K) to reduce pollution. Nitrogen oxides (NOx) and the black smoke and regularly. To the exhaust gas regulations. The standard used in Europe (EURO) and also reduce the severity of the burn. Reduce the noise of the engine knock. By the injection of fuel each time it is.
The first injection. The pilot injection (Pilot Injection) is the first part of the fuel mixed with air before. Injection of the second injection in order to increase the concentration of fuel in the combustion part. Injection of 3. The main fuel injection. (Main-Injection) is injected under controlled conditions of the engine throttle. Injection of 4. After the injection. To burn the soot or carbon particles (Particulate matter; PM) Finally, to complete the combustion. Injection of 5. The injection end to the exhaust gas temperature.
Throttle body . Or may be called. Throttle. Oil in the throttle.
Throttle valve . The throttle valve position sensor or throttle is located on the throttle, it serves to detect the signal. Open the throttle and sends signal pulses to the computer. The Bypass . Screw for the idle (Idle Adjustment Screw). Valves, air valves, air is mounted inside. Throttle body to control the intake volume of the flow into the engine to control the flow of air. Into the inlet manifold at idle speed or idle at high RPM. Channel vacuum (Vacuum Signal Ports). Channel and the coolant to prevent a crust of ice as the cold weather. Dashpot System and Throttle Opener.
Throttle Opener Dashpot system and that is not controlled by the ECU. Dashpot system, it is delaying the throttle valve or throttle valve closes too early removal of the accelerator. To reduce the thrust of the engine. Delay system is designed to open the throttle valve throttle valve after the engine slightly.
The throttle opening. Spring is the control rod (control rod) dashpot diaphragm of the pressure flow into the diaphragm through a small hole (bleed restriction-VTV).
When the throttle is closed. Spring throttle control rod is retracted and the dashpot in the opposite direction. Air is trapped in the diaphragm and flows out through a small hole. The wing shirt off slowly.
Dashpot Throttle Opener Control System and the ECU.
This ECU VSV vacuum switch is used to control the diaphragm. dashpot / throttle openner.
When the engine. Spring is the core control The throttle opening. While the engine running in a higher power, the ECU will VSV to the air under pressure through the diaphragm. dashpot / throttle openner via VTV (Vacuum Transmitting Valve) to control the volume and pressure to apply. ECU will pull the throttle on a power outage to VSV and VSV in a vacuum manifold (Manifold Vacuum) VTV and the flow through the diaphragm. As a result, the control rod is pulled back slowly. The throttle valve is closed slowly.
Bypass air channels in the idle (Idle Air By-pass).
While idling. Throttle valve (Throttle Valve) is almost completely closed. In light air to flow through the bypass circuit (By-pass Circuit) with the adjusting screw (Idle Speed Adjusting Screw), adjusting screw clockwise to make air flow with less volume. The light is low. On the other hand, when turning the screw counter-clock saturation of the air flow will increase. We light up. The engine control system with a light ISCV air flow through the valve is controlled directly from the ECU SCV.
The battery stores electricity in the form of chemical energy. Be paid to the various devices in the car on battery power will be augmented by a device called the charge. Or Alter Peter Post. While the engine is not running. Electricity used in vehicles will be drawn from the battery. But when the engine is running. Electricity used is retrieved from the charts instead. If the charge is not enough electricity to power the car will pull power. Of battery use with
The battery has to power to the devices.
The motor starts running. Helped spark the spark plugs. For ignition. (Engine, Beck, Warren). Power to devices such as light bulbs. Power to other electrical devices such as relays to the robot.
Checks and observations.
The new battery. Acid must be added first. When the acid in the battery dry. Will be filled with distilled water only. Acid level must be between an upper and lower limits of the battery. To open the battery lid and fill out all fields. Because each channel is not the same. Cap off a breathing hole. Make sure to check for blockages. If clogged, the battery explode. Ignition shall not be closer. (Battery may explode due to gas). The positive terminal of the battery must be covered with insulation. Protect the battery terminals with a hood. Cause battery damage. Positive terminal of the battery is always larger than the negative. (Fault in the input). Do not connect the battery to be used directly. The fuse shall not pass. (Fire may burn your car). Acid in the battery. Is acidic. Be careful not to make the clothes. If the spill, immediately washed away.
Buying water.
Distilled water with your name and address of the manufacturer printed on the package correctly. Today, the water on the market in two ways. Plain water. Distilled water with chemicals added electrolyte acid of the light. Which has better features than the plain water. The solder coating element. Prevent erosion and decay. The battery life and performance even more. Acid to dry slowly.
MG 1 (Motor-Generator 1) will be responsible for the production of electricity, feeding it with the battery. Including the power to enter the MG 2 with
MG 2 (Motor-Generator 2) force is acting in conjunction with the engine spinning drive shaft. The torque is higher than that will help drive is very powerful, soft and creamy as when shut and drive by while braking MG 2 this will be converted to a General Operator for electricity returned. The battery as gum Science.
In the gear set is a CVT: Continuously Variable Transmission has the ability to transform ratio independently. The computer control system. To organize forms of energy that is used by the engine or electric motor. Although HSD oil tank runs out, it also helps you move to another 1-2 miles to take you to the gas station.
The drive shaft is a gear installed in it. "To organize the torque of the motor and the engine by MG 2 (in the manual indicates that the MG-T or Torque) will be installed on the drive shaft. For extra torque to the drive. The drive shaft ends with a set PSD: Power Split Device installed on the one side is connected to the engine. The other side is connected directly to the MG 1 (or MG-S: Speed in the manual) to adjust the speed of the wheels to the speed of the engine and MG 1 sure enough by MG 1 is also used to absorb the difference between the vehicle speed. And around the machine as well.
The system will vary depending on the needs of speed and torque to be used. Can be divided as follows.
Low Gear, while accelerating the speed to low. Engine will not have role But if the motor MG 1 to serve as input to generate electricity MG 2, then twisting force to the spinning drive shaft again.
High Gear at the speed of movement. RPM slower than the speed of the wheels. But when you want to accelerate to overtake MG 1 MG 2 is acting as assistant immediately.
Reverse Gear No reverse gear in the system. But will rely on negative power delivered to the MG 2 instead.
Silent Operation mode, the engine does not rely in any way. The power to enter a single MG 2.
Regenerative Braking, which is positioned to take power from the MG 2 is a generation change, while slow-speed router. Fed back to the battery also contributes to increase braking force also.
compression Braking by HSD is a special gear system, which will replace existing automatic transmissions. For helping to brake in time or on steep downhill. The system adjusts the Regenerative Braking is, but when the system detects that the battery charging and braking excessively The system will change to Compression Braking is automatically distributed to the strength of MG 2 MG 1 again.